Στην “apotheosis of Homer” (1827), located in the Louvre, Homer is crowned as immortal. His legs are distinguished, the Iliad (with red) and the Odyssey. Around him, tributes tribute some of the largest Western artists and writers, including Pindar (with the Lyra) and Sophocles (with Papyrus)
Two nights before New Years Eve, more than a thousand Macedonians gathered in the snow to hold hands and form a ring around a large shopping mall in the capital city of Skopje. That may sound like the beginning to some strange joke, but the crowd was assembled in earnest, to express its love of the modernist building known as GTC, and to protest a government plan to give it a new, baroque façade.
A reproduction of the mythical Tomb of Osiris as described by Egyptian lore has been discovered in the necropolis of Sheikh Abd el-Qurna, on the West Bank at Thebes, Egypt. The complex includes a shaft that connects to multiple chambers, including one with demons holding knives.
The tomb—which was built following the descriptions of the Tomb of Osiris, like the Osireion in Abydos, one of the oldest cities of ancient Egypt—is centered around a statue of the god of the afterlife, Osiris. The emerald skinned deity is sitting in a central vaulted chapel facing a staircase with a 29.5-foot (9-meter) shaft in it. The shaft (in the center in the diagram below) connects to another room with a second shaft that goes down for 19.6 feet (6 meters) into two rooms.
Drawing of the tomb's architecture made by Raffaella Carrera, of the Minute Project.
The funerary room with the reliefs of demons holding knives is located west of the central chapel (on the left in the picture above.) It's connected to a 23-foot (7-meter) shaft right in front to another empty room. At the bottom of the same shaft there are two rooms full of debris.
Talking to the Spanish news agency EFE, the leader of the Spanish-Italian team that has uncovered the tomb, Dr. María Milagros Álvarez Sosa, said these demons are there to protect the body of the deceased. According to Alvarez Sosa, it's a tomb of “great importance”:
It's a unique tomb in the Necropolis of Thebes because it embodies all the features of the mythological Tomb of Osiris.
The main chamber. You can see the statue of Osiris at the back, with the stairs and central shaft going down.
The entrance of the main structure of the tomb.
The tomb was initially catalogued by Philippe Virey in 1887. Later in the 20th century there were some attempts to draw a plan of the main structure. Tomb Kamp -327- however (marked in red in the plan below) was never described and published. Álvarez told EFE that her team will start revealing the chambers during the next archeological campaign, in the fall of 2015.
Included for reference, from left to right: Osiris, Anubis—protector of graves—and Horus—god of the sun, war and protection.
http://sploid.gizmodo.com
Ένα αρχαίο μνημείο μας προκαλεί συνήθως μια αίσθηση θαυμασμού. But you never thought it could be and a core energy, that purifies and refreshes our soul, but also a means for the insight and discovery of ourselves; CONTINUE THE READING
The OSA on Alexander had to say, I wrote extensively in several of my books and my speeches in numerous. If it happened at last my schedules to support with a lot of "If" and "maybe" and "probably" the tomb of the great doriktitoros, After not found in Egypt, must be sought in Macedonia and, If here and one in my 15 years as a more likely site of Amphipolis, This is the fruit of studies, meditations and on-the-spot investigations. As I have said often in tilopsia and on the radio, and even kat΄epanalipsi, I am not crystal ball fortune telling I. My historical intuition, for decades now, It has strongly been honed so that spawns in me some suspicions, some premonitions that often – too often confirmed. For the possible imposition of a dictatorship in our country had informed verbally and in writing an influential political strains in the country two years ago from its establishment. There are writings. The same happened with the collapse of our language. From the 1976 I am sounding the alarm.
And in what,What concerns at recent excavations in Amphipolis, probably I cause to start; as for the noise that was, He was not my own fault. Quite simply, in my latest book for Alexander write:
"In the view of the writer – never suspected is not missing from the historic stylus – , If once the Tomb found – and rather has been found – the landfill will be – and is – probably some point of Macedonia» («Megas Alexandros: the man Phenomenon "Tom. G΄s. 213).
A few pages above in the main text and more in the footnote I write:
"My guess is based on the following thought: the Olympias would do everything possible to bring the relics of her son in Macedonia and to make emblems of its own power. The site of Amphipolis is most likely. Maybe the Leo who has erected (…) It was the culmination of the mound where he had buried the body of Alexander. If the body was left in Egypt – naturally at a similar monument – we would have a description of the site and of the monument by some Alexandrian writer. Visits of eminent Romans referred to the supposed relics of Alexander was probably in some substitute " (d.p., s.. 206).
The fact that three of my project, Thanks to the newspaper "Real Neus ' came into 110.000 homes and was cause for the resumption of excavations in Amphipolis, makes me happy. It doesn't matter if I win; will it matter that thanks to my 20 year obsession found something wondrous. And this is me enough. But some told radio station was probably something sexy: Now I see it has overwhelmed everyone Alexandromania and Alexandrolagneia. There will be plenty of course and the necessary Alexandromachoi or Alexandromastiges that I speak always derisive to alive in folk soul undefeated paida. The spithamiaio up ( regardless of their ' boy ') gives greater dimension to the greatness of the invincible ' children.
There were also some who attacked against me. I agonized whether said or wrote something bad, If these were so good to me. There was even an eminent archaeologist – academic, I appreciate his work and often the quote on my own work, that before I even started the dialogue – and while his partner knew you am I – said akompsws, before you say anything,what he had to say, that those who argue that the tomb of Alexander is located in Macedonia, say nonsense. Thereby exposed and a ellogimi Lady, Kelly Tablaridoy-Grocer, to write articles sometimes disapproving against him for lack of good upbringing. I encountered with composure and eventually the k. academic was forced (We were at the beginning of the excavations) agree with me that the monument has despoiled, Although I only have one photo of the first door!
I tried throughout this long period be seemly. Due to origin and education do not belch, do not taunt. I respect and meditate on what is being said. Though something I disagree, I try to make my tension due to gravity and composure scientist. Because I know that nothing in science is not stable. Even two parallel lines might to infinity to meet. The amfiballontes, Let's read the geometry of Riemann and Lobachevskij. Don't work all in science with the Euclidean sense.
From my first interview I did at the beginning of August, however, a few caveats that are useful even. Firstly, before you proceed with excavations, need around the Hill – tumulus to place shelter many acres, not lost this time nor "scale» latypis, as old. Rainfall was near and I had not a speck to lost. Secondly, do not start the ira and studia, because instead of, Thanks to finding this to problithoyme, There is a risk to rezileytoyme. Already a gossip who revels beatify God, who in the eynoia Of aperantw, He began to do selectively deaf. I hear you need or what you want to hear. And thirdly, We are not in a hurry. Political factor was wrong to State from the outset that in two weeks we'll know. With courtesy indicated that at least two years will be time small. This said by radio, because I have the privilege of being close to Minister.
Alexander and the folk soul
IF TODAY (3 November 2014) incise those lines because on 3 months Amphipolis monopolizes the interest of the Greek people. A poll, even now, in all layers of the population would indicate that most of our fellow citizens want to believe that the finding in the tumulus of Kasta (other sleeker name does not exist;) is the tomb of Alexander. If you look in depth at this popular torque, you will come out a thought shocking: Our people stopped waiting for salvation from the living, that the rule, and wait for the salvation of the dead. As I said on one broadcast, the most alive Greeks are dead. And more alive than the living of the past is Alexander. In the same show I said something sarcastic: – "Why you call constantly to speak for the dead, not the living; Inwardly you convinced that some deaths are more alive than the living, that, However, is dead but have forgotten to lie down "!
It is not surprising that. Always save the Greeks their dead. Julius Caesar once said to the Athenians poignantly! "As when will save you the glory of your ancestors;». Always, seeing the issue of Amphipolis from a political point of view, I reach a conclusion of optimism. I think amazing is not the finding itself. The impressive is that – despite the crisis and tax storm – the enigmatic underground construction for three months – I repeat – the comes first in our people's interests. And this despite the decades some policies and ellinomachwn effort imaginable to eliminate the historical memory of our people, to extinguish the ancient tradition of our lives. Maybe somehow I wrote and spoke for Alexander's Tomb. Alexander damage and still reigns in the pure soul of the people. In antique times, When the storm ederne the mountains, the prizewinners tsopanides Alexander's sister's prayer, the Lady Calling, the Queen of neraϊdwn and say:
– «Kira Call, tell your brother of Alexander not to make bad»!
In the minds of ordinary people Alexander continues to damage like a agathopoios legend. In the difficult days that we need and Alexander and Kira Urge, to see ... good! Yet what, what he has learned our people for Alexander, He owes mainly to some inspirational teachers, in that once we did in high school the "C anabasin" by Alexander Arrianoy, but more to the "Stretched" and Hero of the ' shadow ' Troupe, the kosmagapito Shadows. I won't say that Greek historians their debt did not. Those who do not have their debt are the writers and poets more. In school reading there is no poem for Alexander! Nor know anyone poet – from known – that wrote a poem gi΄ayton1 . Instead you can find poems on Stalin, his Zahariadi, for the season I won't say bad poems. The Skopianoi have written many poems about Alexander birria volume. Leave anymore the giant "kitsoeideis" statues. In the capital of Greece and the statue of Alexander remains stored for years. This Alexander, who will unearth;
YPOSIMEIWSEIS
1. Even the Cavafy refers to Alexander occasionally.
From the book "the adventure of Amphipolis», of Sarantoy I. Kargakoy, which kykloforithike on Sunday 7 Dec 2014, from the newspaper, Realnews.
The archaeologist Bright Anastasopoulou, presents us with a task on his funerary monument dating Mound Kasta:
I decided to share with you some facts about dating and methods followed by the science of archaeology to achieve. I will not go into technical details (I do not know). If someone wishes to immerse herself in Archaeometry I recommend the book by Yiannis Lyritzi ' Archaeometry '- Kardamitsa publications.
Will negotiate everything revealed the archaeological hoe and could help secure his funerary monument dating. However, I would like to point out that I fully agree with Mrs Peristeri estimate for the last quarter of the 4th century. e.g.. and I'll explain below why.
«Shells» melambafwn vessels:
When we say shells in archaeology, We mean the shards of pottery or other artifacts from clay. Such shells, by red coloured vessels, have been found in the tomb of Amphipolis which now we study. Than Mrs Peristeri in the official presentation of the excavation that took place in Athens on 29/11, found shells melambafwn vessels in places of the monument (but not in the burial chamber).
When we say we mean the red coloured vases vases that have black tint which is not a color but a dilution of clay that was spread on the vessel before baking and the firing gets black color. If the vessel has Polish before, which is achieved by rubbing with smooth pebbles or bone then the black color is glossy. The decor of melambafwn vessels does not include styles but herbal garlands («wreath») in the neck of the vase. The decoration is made with brown or clay diluted hue kitrinwpis. This type of vase is called "West slope" type and customary in Macedonia from the 4th to the 1st century. e.g..
The shells found will help to determine the dating of the monument in two ways.
First I compared their type with other vessels in the region that are similar in form and have been conclusively dated.
To be more confident dating, follow the laboratory dating with the method of thermoluminescence. In this method measured the effect of radioactive radiation in radiation of which material the size increases with the passage of time.
(Melanombafes vessel from the Museum of Amphipolis)
Bones
As we all know in the burial chamber of the majestic monument in tumulus Kasta found within the burial trench bones dead/dead. Unfortunately the skeleton is diamelismenos and you must first "assembled". Will follow examination by specialists (especially anthropologists but also other specialties) who on the basis of the structure of bones will conclude whether it is male or female, the height and the age of the deceased and the date of death. The finding of the latter will help the laboratory method of dating by radianthraka 14 (C14). The radianthrakas 14 It is one of the three isotopic forms of chemical element C12.
When the method of the calculation of age with continually decreasing radianthraka measured the radioactivity decreases over time.
Coins
As stated in the official presentation of the results of the excavation at 29/11 the Lady have found coins Peristeri by 2π. x. century. and from the 3rd a.d. century. in the first and second space funerary monument. The only clues that give these currencies is the period that the tomb was open and visitable. Mrs Peristeri's position is that desecrated during the Roman period, probably in the 3rd century. m. X. and sealed by the last remaining Macedonians.
The funerary monument
The funerary monument, with its luster, the architecture of excellence, the wondrous decor with stunning art sculptures, gorgeous Pebble table by the abduction of Persephone, the frescoes in the «epistylia», the use of expensive for era marble from the mine at Aliki Thassos, It certainly was during the period of acne and validity of the Macedonian Kingdom, State assignment and expense. However the project was commissioned to design and execute one of the best architects of the time with his staff of skilled artists and craftsmen. The mosaic, -that as regards the style fits with what has been previously found in Pella (as the world-famous lion hunt) but with the Pebble mosaic depicting Kentayrina getting ready to offer a libation in front of entrance to the cave and discovered some years ago in Pella- dating back to the last quarter of the 4th century. p. X. can be safely placed construction of the same period.
And just think of the amount of marble used to build the enclosure and funerary monument, marble that brought from Thassos with ships semi-worked, carried on rafts through the Strimonas River near the point of construction of perilamproy Tomb mound and where was the final edit, just consider the person-hours spent, We understand that this project could be done for any
For whom the hero, General or King, the Macedonian state will take such expense; To honor whom dead we were guests in Amphipolis; My friends, Personally I don't think that the second could be done for the Ifaistiwna or another General. I think a serious contender to the attributed this funerary monument is the great Greek Stratilatis our Soul, the kosmoxakoysmenos Alexander III the great.
But, even though my assessment proved wrong isn't going to stenachwrithw. Already archaeologists has enriched our national story with a brilliant chapter and he is a treasure that remains unchanged in centuries, a treasure that is more valuable than the gold funeral gifts. That is why there are States that because they don't have the history trying to steal ... more and personally I feel deep compassion.
As in any, several of the questions will have answers in a scientific way in January 2015 but again likely to arise in other. The truth is that this monument will be studied for years not only by Greek scientists (and we should feel proud that so far only Greek scientists have used in all sectors) but foreign and world-renowned experts. The upcoming results of diaskopisewn likely to open other avenues for new excavations in the tumulus Kasta which will likely reveal equally brilliant discoveries.
The text that I wrote on the site of ancient Lygkistidos which was, is and will be Macedonia.
Bright Anastasopoulou
empedotimos.blogspot.gr
The Olympiad as a historical personality lived in the shadow of two major historical characters, Philip and Alexander. Though, It was not at all in strength of personality and the involvement or intervention contributed to the formation of many historical events of the era.
She was the daughter of Neoptolemus deyterotoki, King of the molossians of Epirus, and born 373 e.g. in Passarwna, the capital of the Kingdom.
When he was eleven years old, her father died and the throne took her uncle, Arybbas, who married older sister, Troas. Her brother, Alexander, It was then just a year old. It was at this time that the continent was relieved from the local pericharakwsis and spirit were in regenerative period in all areas.
The Olympiad from the childhood years was special education beyond mere learning and writing. Early excelled for the restless and unsatisfied spirit of, the metaphysical concerns and thirst to learn more about the mysteries of life and death. He learned the hieratic secrets in the Oracle of Dodona, which served for years, While it was initiated and in the Bacchanalian Mysteries. Was priestess of Kaviria Mysteries of Samothrace, they met and fell in love with Philip II.
Her name, According to the historian W. Heckel, Polyxena was when she was a child, Myrtali when married, and later renamed Olympiad and Stratonice. The name Olympias was given, According to tradition, After Philip's victory at the Olympic Games of 356 e.g..
There was the lawful wife of Philip and unique Queen of Macedon. Lived with him twenty years (375 BC-337 BC). Ο Φίλιππος, of course, According to the logic of the era, got a lot of women (Aydata, Filina, Nikisipoli, Mida, etc.) that wasn't "Macedonian women", except the last, Cleopatra. When she walked in the Macedonian Court, found by Filinna them with her son, Aridaio, and the daughter of Aydatas, Cynane. The Olympiad was the most educated of all those married Philip and generally "Macedonian women" from all noblewomen. He exercised an unparalleled fascination with the beauty of, education and severity. Sacrifice a lot for her voracious filarchia, Apart from life or reputation of her son, Alexandrou, He loved pathological.
Plutarch, who lived several centuries later, the characteristic of kakotropi and jealous. Also, reports that appeared with domesticated snakes. Later, It is said that she confessed to her husband that Alexander was not the son of, but that was captured by a snake that appeared in her sleep, which, According to legend, It was Jupiter's own incarnation and that Philip himself divided and sent in the continent accusing the adultery.
However, It had many virtues, many of which are imparted to her son, Alexander. In the turbulent and tumultuous life of meeting big assets and large defects. As a doting mother, She had set her life on a single purpose and served with passion: How would ensure for the son of the succession to the throne of Macedonia into the maelstrom of the machinations and intrigues in the courtyard of Pella. And this relentless passion of imply Philip, When, in response to his son Alexander, that characterized his mother as the more courageous than’ all Nereids, said laughing: "not only more courageous, but polemikoteri, Why does not stop to kaygadizei».
Relations between the two spouses to t o 337 e.g., so and Makedonissa Cleopatra, General Attaloy anepsia, raised as fair and lawful Queen, There were basically harmonics, without missing some explosions. Philip of the governance of the trust, When he was absent in the frequent and lengthy campaigns. The Olympiad was created in the courtyard of her own circle of favoured, that protected them even from their commitment and mission in various fronts.
It was endowed with gifts large, Indeed sovereign. After the death of her brother, Alexandrou, King of the molossians, He settled in Epirus and became Regent and Commissioner of the grandson of minor, Neoptolemus Iii.
On The Continent, developed political action of historical significance. Platyne the "audience of Molossos" with the admission of new Continental sexes and renamed "the allies of Apeirotan mean», animating so the reeling prestige of the dynasty of ancient Epirus, He ruled the Continent thirteen years until the 317 e.g..
The unexpected and sad the death knell of her son, the 323 e.g., the crashed. We never wanted to accept that Alexander died of natural death and still learning that mourned lingered atafos in Babylon for two years, because of wild games succession of generals of. Her rage grew, When the Macedonian army in Asia raised the retarded King Philip's son – from the Filinna – as Philip Aridaio, whom he married the ambitious daughter of Kynanis, Antaia-Evridiki, to serve the ambitious aims of.
http://master-lista.blogspot.gr
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